Design and dynamic analysis of integrated architecture for vibration energy harvesting including piezoelectric frame and mechanical amplifier

doi:10.1007/s10483-021-2741-8

Abstract

Abstract: Vibration energy harvesters (VEHs) can transform ambient vibration energy to electricity and have been widely investigated as promising self-powered devices for wireless sensor networks, wearable sensors, and applications of a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS). However, the ambient vibration is always too weak to hinder the high energy conversion efficiency. In this paper, the integrated frame composed of piezoelectric beams and mechanical amplifiers is proposed to improve the energy conversion efficiency of a VEH. First, the initial structures of a piezoelectric frame (PF) and an amplification frame (AF) are designed. The dynamic model is then established to analyze the influence of key structural parameters on the mechanical amplification factor. Finite element simulation is conducted to study the energy harvesting performance, where the stiffness characteristics and power output in the cases of series and parallel load resistance are discussed in detail. Furthermore, piezoelectric beams with variable cross-sections are introduced to optimize and improve the energy harvesting efficiency. Advantages of the PF with the AF are illustrated by comparison with conventional piezoelectric cantilever beams. The results show that the proposed integrated VEH has a good mechanical amplification capability and is more suitable for low-frequency vibration conditions.

Key words: vibration energy harvesting, mechanical amplifier, piezoelectric frame (PF), amplification frame (AF), variable cross-section beam

2010 MSC Number:

70J35

Xiangjian DUAN, Dongxing CAO, Xiaoguang LI, Yongjun SHEN. Design and dynamic analysis of integrated architecture for vibration energy harvesting including piezoelectric frame and mechanical amplifier. Applied Mathematics and Mechanics (English Edition), 2021, 42(6): 755-770.

TrendMD

References

[1] ROUNDY, S., WRIGHT, P. K., and RABAEY, J. A study of low level vibrations as a power source for wireless sensor nodes. Computer Communications, 26(11), 1131-1144(2003)
[2] DAQAQ, M. F., MASANA, R., ERTURK, A., and QUINN, D. D. On the role of nonlinearities in vibratory energy harvesting:a critical review and discussion. Applied Mechanics Reviews, 66(4), 045501(2014)
[3] ZOU, H. X., ZHAO, L. C., GAO, Q. H., ZUO, L., LIU, F. R., TAN, T., WEI, K. X., and ZHANG, W. M. Mechanical modulations for enhancing energy harvesting:principles, methods and applications. Applied Energy, 255, 113871(2019)
[4] WANG, J., GENG, L., DING, L., ZHU, H., and YURCHENKO, D. The state-of-the-art review on energy harvesting from flow-induced vibrations. Applied Energy, 267, 114902(2020)
[5] LALLART, M., WANG, L., and PETIT, L. Enhancement of electrostatic energy harvesting using self-similar capacitor patterns. Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, 27(17), 2385-2394(2016)
[6] PEREZ, M., BOISSEAU, S., GASNIER, P., WILLEMIN, J., GEISLER, M., and REBOUD, J. L. A cm scale electret-based electrostatic wind turbine for low-speed energy harvesting applications. Smart Materials and Structures, 25(4), 045015(2016)
[7] ZHANG, Y., WANG, T., ZHANG, A., PENG, Z., LUO, D., CHEN, R., and WANG, F. Electrostatic energy harvesting device with dual resonant structure for wideband random vibration sources at low frequency. Review of Scientific Instruments, 87(12), 125001(2016)
[8] LI, X., ZHANG, Y., DING, H., and CHEN, L. Integration of a nonlinear energy sink and a piezoelectric energy harvester. Applied Mathematics and Mechanics (English Edition), 38(7), 1019-1030(2017) https://doi.org/10.1007/s10483-017-2220-6
[9] GUO, X. Y., JIANG, P., ZHANG, W., YANG, J., KITIPORNCHAI, S., and SUN, L. Nonlinear dynamic analysis of composite piezoelectric plates with graphene skin. Composite Structures, 206, 839-852(2018)
[10] CAO, D., GUO, X., and HU, W. A novel low-frequency broadband piezoelectric energy harvester combined with a negative stiffness vibration isolator. Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, 30(7), 1105-1114(2019)
[11] LU, Z. Q., DING, H., and CHEN, L. Q. Resonance response interaction without internal resonance in vibratory energy harvesting. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 121, 767-776(2019)
[12] ZHOU, S. X., CAO, J. Y., INMAN, D. J., LIN, J., LIU, S. S., and WANG, Z. Z. Broadband tristable energy harvester:modeling and experiment verification. Applied Energy, 133, 33-39(2014)
[13] LIU, D., XU, Y., and LI, J. L. Randomly-disordered-periodic-induced chaos in a piezoelectric vibration energy harvester system with fractional-order physical properties. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 399, 182-196(2017)
[14] LAI, S. K., WANG, C., and ZHANG, L. H. A nonlinear multi-stable piezomagnetoelastic harvester array for low-intensity, low-frequency, and broadband vibrations. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 122, 87-102(2019)
[15] ZHANG, L., XU, X., HAN, Q., QIN, Z., and CHU, F. Energy harvesting of beam vibration based on piezoelectric stacks. Smart Materials and Structures, 28(12), 125020(2019)
[16] MORGADO, M. L., MORGADO, L. F., SILVA, N., and MORAIS, R. Mathematical modelling of cylindrical electromagnetic vibration energy harvesters. International Journal of Computer Mathematics, 92(1), 101-109(2014)
[17] MOSS, S. D., PAYNE, O. R., HART, G. A., and UNG, C. Scaling and power density metrics of electromagnetic vibration energy harvesting devices. Smart Materials and Structures, 24(2), 023001(2015)
[18] WANG, W., CAO, J., ZHANG, N., LIN, J., and LIAO, W. H. Magnetic-spring based energy harvesting from human motions:design, modeling and experiments. Energy Conversion and Management, 132, 189-197(2017)
[19] DENG, Q., KAMMOUN, M., ERTURK, A., and SHARMA, P. Nanoscale flexoelectric energy harvesting. International Journal of Solids and Structures, 51(18), 3218-3225(2014)
[20] LIANG, X., HU, S., and SHEN, S. Nanoscale mechanical energy harvesting using piezoelectricity and flexoelectricity. Smart Materials and Structures, 26(3), 035050(2017)
[21] ANTON, S. R., FARINHOLT, K. M., and ERTURK, A. Piezoelectret foam-based vibration energy harvesting. Journal of Intelligent Material Systems & Structures, 25(14), 1681-1692(2014)
[22] ZHANG, X., PONDROM, P., SESSLER, G. M., and MA, X. Ferroelectret nanogenerator with large transverse piezoelectric activity. Nano Energy, 50, 52-61(2018)
[23] KIM, H., PRIYA, S., and UCHINO, K. Modeling of piezoelectric energy harvesting using cymbal transducers. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 45(7), 5836-5840(2006)
[24] KIM, H. W., BATRA, A., PRIYA, S., UCHINO, K., MARKLEY, D., NEWNHAM, R. E., and HOFMANN, H. F. Energy harvesting using a piezoelectric "cymbal" transducer in dynamic environment. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 43(9A), 6178-6183(2004)
[25] LI, X., GUO, M., and DONG, S. A flex-compressive-mode piezoelectric transducer for mechanical vibration/strain energy harvesting. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, 58(4), 698-703(2011)
[26] MO, C., ARNOLD, D., KINSEL, W. C., and CLARK, W. W. Modeling and experimental validation of unimorph piezoelectric cymbal design in energy harvesting. Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, 24(7), 828-836(2012)
[27] MOURE, A., IZQUIERDO RODRÍGUEZ, M. A., HERNÁNDEZ RUEDA, S., GONZALO, A., RUBIO-MARCOS, F., URQUIZA CUADROS, D., PÉREZ-LEPE, A., and FERNÁNDEZ, J. F. Feasible integration in asphalt of piezoelectric cymbals for vibration energy harvesting. Energy Conversion and Management, 112, 246-253(2016)
[28] WANG, X., SHI, Z., WANG, J., and XIANG, H. A stack-based flex-compressive piezoelectric energy harvesting cell for large quasi-static loads. Smart Materials and Structures, 25(5), 055005(2016)
[29] ZHAO, H., YU, J., and LING, J. Finite element analysis of cymbal piezoelectric transducers for harvesting energy from asphalt pavement. Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan, 118(1382), 909-915(2010)
[30] LING, M., CAO, J., JIANG, Z., and LIN, J. Theoretical modeling of attenuated displacement amplification for multistage compliant mechanism and its application. Sensors and Actuators A:Physical, 249, 15-22(2016)
[31] CAO, J., LING, M., INMAN, D. J., and LIN, J. Generalized constitutive equations for piezo-actuated compliant mechanism. Smart Materials and Structures, 25(9), 095005(2016)
[32] EVANS, M., TANG, L., and AW, K. C. Modelling and optimisation of a force amplification energy harvester. Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, 29(9), 1941-1952(2018)
[33] WEN, S. and XU, Q. Design of a novel piezoelectric energy harvester based on integrated multistage force amplification frame. IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics, 24(3), 1228-1237(2019)
[34] WEN, S., XU, Q., and ZI, B. Design of a new piezoelectric energy harvester based on compound two-stage force amplification frame. IEEE Sensors Journal, 18(10), 3989-4000(2018)
[35] WEN, S. H., WU, Z. H., and XU, Q. S. Design of a novel two-directional piezoelectric energy harvester with permanent magnets and multistage force amplifier. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control, 67(4), 840-849(2020)
[36] CAO, D. X., DUAN, X. J., GUO, X. Y., and LAI, S. K. Design and performance enhancement of a force-amplified piezoelectric stack energy harvester under pressure fluctuations in hydraulic pipeline systems. Sensors and Actuators A:Physical, 309, 112031(2020)
[37] CAO, D. X., DING, X. D., GUO, X. Y., and YAO, M. H. Design, simulation and experiment for a vortex-induced vibration energy harvester for low-velocity water flow. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing-Green Technology (2020) https://doi.org/10.1007/s40684-020-00265-9
[38] BEN AYED, S., ABDELKEFI, A., NAJAR, F., and HAJJ, M. R. Design and performance of variable-shaped piezoelectric energy harvesters. Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, 25(2), 174-186(2014)
[39] MUTHALIF, A. G. A. and NORDIN, N. H. D. Optimal piezoelectric beam shape for single and broadband vibration energy harvesting:modeling, simulation and experimental results. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 54-55, 417-426(2015)