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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics (English Edition) ›› 2009, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (10): 1271-1282.doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10483-009-1007-x

• Articles • 上一篇    下一篇

Topographic effects on polar low and tropical cyclone development in simple theoretical model

李子良1,2,3傅刚1,2,4郭敬天1,6端义宏2,5张美根4   

  1. 1. Department of Marine Meteorology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100,
    Shandong Province, P. R. China;
    2. Shanghai Typhoon Institute, Shanghai 200030, P. R. China;
    3. State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, P. R. China; 4. State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, P. R. China;
    5.National Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, P.R. China;
    6. North China Sea Marine Forecasting Center of State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266033, Shandong Province, P. R. China
  • 收稿日期:2009-10-25 修回日期:2009-08-03 出版日期:2009-10-01 发布日期:2009-10-01

Topographic effects on polar low and tropical cyclone development in simple theoretical model

 LI Zi-Liang1,2,3, FU Gang1,2,4, GUO Jing-Tian1,6, DUAN Yi-Hong2,5, ZHANG Mei-Gen4   

  1. 1. Department of Marine Meteorology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100,
    Shandong Province, P. R. China;
    2. Shanghai Typhoon Institute, Shanghai 200030, P. R. China;
    3. State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, P. R. China; 4. State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, P. R. China;
    5.National Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, P.R. China;
    6. North China Sea Marine Forecasting Center of State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266033, Shandong Province, P. R. China
  • Received:2009-10-25 Revised:2009-08-03 Online:2009-10-01 Published:2009-10-01

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摘要： The polar low and tropical cyclone type vortices over topography are assumed to be the axisymmetrical and thermal-wind balanced systems, which are solved as an initial value problem of a linearized vortex equation set in cylindrical coordinates. The roles of the sensible and latent heating, friction, and topography in the structure and intensification of the polar low and tropical cyclone type vortices are analyzed. The radial velocity, vertical velocity, azimuthal velocity, and the unstable growth rate including the topography effects are obtained. It is shown that the interaction between the flow and the topography plays a significant role in the structure and intensification of the polar low and tropical cyclone system. The analysis of the topography term indicates that, in the up-slope side of the mountain, the radial inflow and the vertical ascent forced by the mountain can intensify the polar low and tropical cyclone type vortex and increase the unstable growth rate. However, in the lee side of the mountain, the radial inflow and the vertical descent forced by the mountain can weaken the polar low and tropical cyclone type vortex and decrease the unstable growth rate of the polar low and tropical cyclone system. In addition, the evolutionary process and the spatial structure of the polar low observed over the Japan Sea on 19 December 2003 are investigated with the observational data to verify this theoretical result.

Abstract: The polar low and tropical cyclone type vortices over topography are assumed to be the axisymmetrical and thermal-wind balanced systems, which are solved as an initial value problem of a linearized vortex equation set in cylindrical coordinates. The roles of the sensible and latent heating, friction, and topography in the structure and intensification of the polar low and tropical cyclone type vortices are analyzed. The radial velocity, vertical velocity, azimuthal velocity, and the unstable growth rate including the topography effects are obtained. It is shown that the interaction between the flow and the topography plays a significant role in the structure and intensification of the polar low and tropical cyclone system. The analysis of the topography term indicates that, in the up-slope side of the mountain, the radial inflow and the vertical ascent forced by the mountain can intensify the polar low and tropical cyclone type vortex and increase the unstable growth rate. However, in the lee side of the mountain, the radial inflow and the vertical descent forced by the mountain can weaken the polar low and tropical cyclone type vortex and decrease the unstable growth rate of the polar low and tropical cyclone system. In addition, the evolutionary process and the spatial structure of the polar low observed over the Japan Sea on 19 December 2003 are investigated with the observational data to verify this theoretical result.

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