关键词: pansystems methodology, bifurcation, catastrophe, chaos and stability, nonlinear mechanics, pansystems logic conservation law, OpenFOAM, interaction of bubbles, compressible two-phase flow

Abstract: Based on the bubble dynamic theory and the compressible two-phase flow solver of the open source software OpenFOAM, a numerical simulation study is carried out on the interactions of bubble clusters in a closed volume. The bubble dynamics and interactions of a single bubble, two bubbles, and four bubbles are investigated under the working conditions without and with the presence of a free surface. Through a parametric study, the qualitative patterns of the variations of the bubble collapse period, the volume compressibility, the bubble pressure peak value, and the breakdown, fusion, and separation phenomena with the parameters such as the bubble pressure, the radius size, the bubble spacing, and the distance from the free surface are obtained. The main factors affecting the bubble morphology and the dynamic characteristics are summarized from numerous parameter experiments. It is shown that, in the absence of a free surface, the main factors are the relative size of the bubbles, the pressure of the liquid, and the pressure differences among the bubbles, while in the presence of a free surface, the main factor is the pressure of the liquid between the upper surface of the bubble and the free surface.

Key words: pansystems methodology, bifurcation, catastrophe, chaos and stability, nonlinear mechanics, pansystems logic conservation law, compressible two-phase flow, interaction of bubbles, OpenFOAM