Fig. 1

Axle box bearing system with track irregularity excitation (color online)"

Table 1

The degrees of freedom of the dynamic model"

Fig. 2

Rolling bearing rotor model"

Fig. 3

Cross section of the double-row tapered roller bearing"

Fig. 4

Schematic diagram of the bearing dynamic model"

Table 2

Nomenclature"

Fig. 5

Ballastless track irregularity spectrum of China high-speed railway: (a) left; (b) right (color online)"

Fig. 6

Outer ring raceway fault"

Fig. 7

Inner ring raceway fault"

Fig. 8

Contact deformation between the roller and the raceway (color online)"

Fig. 9

Contact deformation between the roller and the raceway with the thermal deformation (color online)"

Table 3

Node division of axle box bearings"

Fig. 10

Node division of axle box bearings (color online)"

Fig. 11

Heat transfer between nodes in the bearing system"

Fig. 12

Single wheelset rolling vibration test bench and sensor distribution (color online)"

Fig. 13

Comparison between simulation results and experimental data of axle box temperature (color online)"

Fig. 14

Correlation coefficients between the bearing temperature and various variables (color online)"

Table 4

Evaluation criteria for correlation coefficients"

Fig. 15

Comparison of temperature changes of all nodes (color online)"

Fig. 16

Temperature variation curves at different rotational speeds: (a) node 0; (b) node 5; (c) node 6; (d) node 7 (color online)"

Fig. 17

Temperature variation curves under different loads: (a) node 0; (b) node 5; (c) node 6; (d) node 7 (color online)"

Fig. 18

Temperature variation curves under different fault widths: (a) node 0; (b) node 5; (c) node 6; (d) node 7 (color online)"

Fig. 19

Temperature variation curves of node 0 at different fault locations (color online)"

Fig. 20

Temperature variation curves of node 5 at different fault locations (color online)"

Fig. 21

Temperature variation curves of node 6 at different fault locations (color online)"

Fig. 22

Temperature variation curves of node 7 at different fault locations (color online)"

Fig. 23

Temperature variation curves under different ambient temperatures: (a) node 0; (b) node 5; (c) node 6; (d) node 7 (color online)"